اثرات کاربرد کودهای نانو زیستی و NPK بر عملکرد و ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی گاوزبان اروپایی تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

4 استاد گروه زراعت دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

چکیده

نانو کودها با همزمان کردن رهاسازی عناصر غذایی کودها و جذب آن‌ها به وسیله گیاه موجب ممانعت از برهم‌کنش عناصر غذایی با خاک و میکروارگانیسم‌ها می‌شود. به‌منظور بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی و نانو کودهای زیستی و NPK بر عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیک گاوزبان اروپایی، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زابل اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل سطوح تنش خشکی به‌صورت شاهد یا 90 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، 70 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و با استفاده از دستگاه T.D.R، و سطوح کود شامل عدم مصرف کود (شاهد)، مصرف 1 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود نانو زیستی، مصرف 5 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود NPK نانو (عناصر NPK در پوشش نانو ذرات) و تلفیق هرکدام به مقدار 50 درصد به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. صفات مورد مطالعه موسیلاژ، کربوهیدرات‌ محلول، عناصر فسفر، پتاسیم و سدیم، فلاونوئید و آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت و بیوماس بودند. با افزایش تنش کم‌آبی از وزن خشک گاوزبان اروپایی کاسته شد و بیشترین عملکرد خشک (ton/ha 45/2) از سطح آبیاری شاهد حاصل شد. با افزایش سطح تنش بر میزان موسیلاژ و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان افزوده شد. بیشترین میزان فلاونوئید و کربوهیدرات‌های محلول از کاربرد کود تلفیقی در تنش 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی حاصل شد. به‌طور کلی در تولید گاوزبان اروپایی جهت افزایش عملکرد خشک، آبیاری در سطح شاهد و کاربرد نانو کود NPK و برای افزایش موسیلاژ و فلاونوئیدها آبیاری در سطح 50 درصد و کاربرد تلفیقی نانو کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی مناسب به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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