اثرات کودهای مختلف و محلول‌پاشی اِل - فنیل‌آلانین بر عناصر غذایی موجود در اندام هوایی زوفا [Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. angustifolius (Bieb.)]

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.

2 مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرقدس (واحدهای غرب استان تهران)، تهران، ایران.

3 موسسه ملی ژنتیک و بیوتکنولوژی، تهران، ایران.

4 پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی، جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران.

5 بخش خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری.

چکیده

به منظور بهبود عملکرد گیاهان دارویی و معطر، استفاده از مواد طبیعی نظیر اسیدهای آمینه، در حال افزایش است که در همین راستا اطلاعات اندکی در خصوص اثرات جداگانه آن­ها و در ترکیب با سایر منابع کودی در دسترس است. به منظور بررسی اثر کودهای مختلف و محلول‌پاشی فنیل‌آلانین بر عناصر تغذیه‌ای زوفا، آزمایشی در دو سال متوالی 96-1395 و 97-1396 به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی در شهرکرد اجرا شد. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل تیمارهای کود شیمیایی (NPK)، کود حیوانی، ورمی کمپوست و کود زیستی قارچ میکوریزا (قارچ‌های جنس Glomus) در کرت‌های اصلی و محلول­پاشی اِل- فنیل‌آلانین (در سه سطح: صفر، 500 و 1000 mg/L) در سه مرحله پاشش در کرت‌های فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کودها همراه محلول‌پاشی اِل - فنیل‌آلانین در سطوح 500 و 1000 میلی­گرم در لیتر منجر به افزایش معنی‌دارِ غلظت اغلب عناصر تغذیه‌ای شامل نیتروژن (N)، فسفر (P) و پتاسیم (K) و ریزمغذی شامل آهن (Fe)، روی (Zn)، منگنز (Mn) و مس (Cu) موجود در برگ نسبت به شاهد گردید و در این میان، کاربرد کود‌های قارچی و ورمی‌کمپوست و تیمارهای تلفیقی اِل - فنیل‌آلانین + کود قارچی و فنیل‌آلانین + ورمی‌کمپوست، بیشترین تاثیر را در افزایش غلظت­های N، P، K، Fe، Zn، Mn و Cu داشتند. در مجموع مشخص شد که کاربرد کودهای ارگانیک با محلول‌پاشی اِل - فنیل‌آلانین در غلظت  mg/L1000 ، نقش موثری در بهبود عناصر تغذیه‌ای گیاه باغی زوفا و عملکرد ماده خشک اندام هوایی آن دارد.

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