بررسی واکنش‌های مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی دو گونه کاسنی (Cichorium sp.) به کاربرد سطوح مختلف سولفات آمونیوم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جهرم، جهرم، ایران

2 دانش آموخته گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جهرم، جهرم، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، اثر مقادیر مختلف سولفات آمونیوم بر ویژگی­های رشد و عملکرد، میزان کلروفیل و برخی صفات بیوشیمیایی دو گونه کاسنی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتور اول میزان سولفات آمونیوم شامل 5 سطح: 50، 100، 150 و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار و شاهد (خاک بدون اضافه کردن کود) و فاکتور دوم، دو گونه کاسنی شامل کاسنی پابلند (Cichorium intybus) و کاسنی پاکوتاه (Cichorium pumilum) بود. مهمترین صفات مورد بررسی شامل تعداد برگ، طول و عرض برگ، وزن تر بوته، عملکرد ماده خشک، طول و قطر ریشه غده­ای، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و میزان کلروفیل (a، b، کل و کاروتنوئید) بود. همچنین خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی عصاره برگ (فلاون و فلاونول، فلاونوئید کل، ترکیبات فنلی و فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی) در دو زمان (اواسط و اواخر دوره رشد) اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج، نشان­دهنده تاثیر معنی­دار تیمارها بر برخی صفات اندازه­گیری شده بود. در ارتباط با بیشتر صفات مورفولوژیک و شاخص­های عملکرد در گونه پاکوتاه، بهترین نتیجه در تیمار 150 کیلوگرم سولفات آمونیوم به دست آمد در حالی که در گونه پابلند، تیمار 100 کیلوگرم سولفات آمونیوم تاثیر بیشتری داشت که نشان داد کاسنی پاکوتاه خاصیت کودپذیری بیشتری نسبت به کاسنی پابلند دارد. در کاسنی پاکوتاه، بیشترین میزان فلاون و فلاونول (93/2 میلی­گرم در گرم)، فلاونوئید کل (30/7 میلی­گرم در گرم) و ترکیبات فنلی (06/10 میلی­گرم در گرم) در تیمار 50 کیلوگرم سولفات آمونیوم در برداشت دوم مشاهده شد در حالی که در رابطه با کاسنی پابلند بیشترین میزان فلاونوئید کل (14/12 میلی­گرم در گرم) و ترکیبات فنلی (67/13 میلی­گرم در گرم) در برداشت اول در تیمار 100 کیلوگرم سولفات آمونیوم  و در برداشت دوم در تیمار 200 کیلوگرم سولفات آمونیوم (به ترتیب 14/7 و 26/10 میلی­گرم در گرم) اندازه­گیری شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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