تاثیر سولفات پتاسیم بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی گیاه مرزه (Satureja hortensis L.) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

‌پژوهشی به‌صورت اسپیلت فاکتوریل در زمان در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی در سال زراعی 1395-1394 انجام شد. فاکتورهای اصلی شامل تنش خشکی در سه سطح (50، 70 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و کود سولفات پتاسیم در چهار سطح (0، 100، 200 و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و فاکتور فرعی دو چین برداشت بود. صفات مورد ارزیابی شامل خصوصیات رشدی، میزان کلروفیلa ،b ، کلروفیل کل، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، فنل کل و کربوهیدرات محلول بود. نتایج نشان داد که کمترین خصوصیات رشدی در تیمار50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و عدم کاربرد کود سولفات پتاسیم مشاهده شد. استفاده از کود پتاسیم باعث بهبود خصوصیات رشدی، میزان کربوهیدرات محلول، کلروفیلa ،b و کلروفیل کل در تمامی سطوح تنش خشکی در گیاه شد. به‌طوریکه در چین اول برداشت در بالاترین سطح تنش و کاربرد 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود سولفات پتاسیم افزایش 14/62، 36/82، 09/93 و 35/87 درصدی به‌ترتیب در ارتفاع بوته، کلروفیل a، b و کل مشاهده شد؛ ولی موجب کاهش فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (86/13 درصد) و فنل کل (38/34 درصد) در گیاه شد. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که مقدار خصوصیات رشدی و بیوشیمیایی در چین دوم برداشت در مقایسه چین اول برداشت به‌طور قابل توجهی کاهش پیدا کرد، به‌طوریکه کمترین مقدار خصوصیات رشدی و بیوشیمیایی در چین دوم برداشت مشاهده شد. به‌طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که کاربرد سولفات پتاسیم به‌ویژه کاربرد 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار موجب بهبود خصوصیات رشدی و بیوشیمیایی مرزه تحت تنش خشکی شد.

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