تأثیر نیتروژن و تراکم بوته بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و اجزای عملکرد کاسبرگ چای ترش (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) در شرایط آب و هوایی ایرانشهر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران

2 گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور

3 دبیر آموزش و پرورش خراسان جنوبی

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح کود نیتروژن و تراکم بوته بر صفات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کاسبرگ چای ترش در منطقه ایرانشهر آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت­های خردشده و در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با و 3 تکرار در سال 1393 در ایرانشهر انجام شد. در این تحقیق نیتروژن در چهار سطح (صفر، 100، 200 و 300 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و تراکم بوته در چهار سطح (5، 7/6، 10 و 20 بوته در مترمربع) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مصرف نیتروژن از صفر به 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار، قطر ساقه، تعداد انشعابات ساقه اصلی، تعداد میوه در بوته، تعداد میوه در مترمربع، عملکرد خشک کاسبرگ و عملکرد بیولوژیک به‌طور معنی­داری و به ترتیب 8/15، 8/135، 7/104، 4/104، 8/108 و 5/30 درصد افزایش پیدا کرد. همچنین با افزایش تراکم از 5 به 20 بوته در مترمربع، قطر ساقه، تعداد انشعابات ساقه اصلی و تعداد میوه در بوته به‌طور معنی­داری و به ترتیب 1/24، 6/76 و 3/37 درصد کاهش یافت، هرچند که تعداد میوه در مترمربع (6/125 درصد)، عملکرد خشک کاسبرگ (7/105 درصد) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (5/88 درصد) به‌طور معنی­داری افزایش یافت. به‌طورکلی بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق کاربرد 300 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و تراکم 20 بوته در مترمربع برای زراعت چای ترش در ایرانشهر پیشنهاد می­گردد.

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