Increasing the growth and flowering indices of Polianthes in response to different concentrations of phosphorus and gibberellic acid in hydroponic culture conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Graduated of Master Science, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

2 Associate professor of Horticultural Science, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Horticulture science, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Proper nutrition in the cultivation of cut flowers, including polianthes is extremely important. It is necessary to achieve quantitative and qualitative standards for the cultivation and production of this flower. It has been shown that, due to the lack of many secondary roots and shallow roots, the bulb plants are more sensitive to the lack of nutrients (such as phosphorus) compared to the other horticultural and agricultural crops. Plant growth regulators are particularly important in increasing the quantity and quality of flowers and ornamental plants, one of the most important of which is the positive effects of gibberellins in ornamental plants. Phosphorus (P) plays a key role in photosynthetic activities, flower formation and production of reproductive organs of greenhouse crops. The present study will examine the effects of gibberellin as a plant growth regulators and different concentrations of phosphorus) on the growth characteristics and flowering indices of marigold under hydroponic conditions.
Material and methods: An experiment was implemented to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid and various concentrations of P in nutrient solution on the growth and flowering of polianthes. The experiment was factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The cuttings were immersed in 0 (distilled water), 100 and 200 mg/L of gibberellin concentration for 30 min before cultivation. Four levels of different P concentrations (7.75, 15.5, 31 and 62 mg/L) were prepared by monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) fertilizer and their effects were evaluated under different levels of gibberellin. Growth, flowering and physiological indicators were measured and evaluated during and at the end of the growing season. All data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SAS 9.1 software (SAS Inc., Cary NC). Duncan’s multiple-range test was performed at p = 0.05 on each of the significant variables measured.
Results and discussion: The results showed that nutrient solution consumption was more than 60% lower in plant nutrition according to plant demand and EC of the nutrient solution compared to the complete replacement method. The concentration of nitrogen, potassium, and calcium in Chinese lettuce decreased under the EC control method. Leaf magnesium concentration increased in all cultivars nourished according to EC control and plant nutrient demand compared to the complete nutrient replacement method. The highest concentrations of micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and manganese were observed in the complete nutrient replacement method in all three lettuce cultivars. The results also showed that the amount of Fe and Mn in the leaf of red lettuce cultivar and zinc concentration in the leaf of Chinese lettuce and Kazeroon decreased significantly under nutrient replacement according to the EC control and plant nutrient demand.
Conclusions: Application of 31 mg L-1 of P and the impregnation of the bulb with the concentration of 200 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid is recommended to accelerate the harvest elongated branches, to enhance the number of branches and the vase life of polianthes flower under hydroponic cultivation.

Keywords

References

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