Effect of silicon and methyl jasmonate on some morphological traits and photosynthetic parameters in common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Horticultural Science, Sari Agricultural sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

2 Department of Horticulture, Sari Agricultural Sciences Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

3 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural sciences and Natural Resources University (sanru), Sari, Iran

4 Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University

Abstract

Introduction: Common purslane is one of the valuable medicinal plants for its abundant effective substances (Stephan et al., 1994). Since the use of silicon as a beneficial element (Ma et al., 2000) and methyl jasmonate as an elicitor (Creelman and Mullet, 1997) can increase some of the most desirable traits of medicinal herbs, in this study, the effect of simultaneous treatment of methyl jasmonate and silicone on different growth characteristics and photosynthetic parameters of common purslane has been investigated.
Materials and Methods: This research carried out in a factorial format based on complete block randomized design with two factors and three replications in greenhouse conditions. The first factor was methyl jasmonate spray at three levels (M0: control, M75: 75 µm, M150: 150 µm) and the second factor was silicon in five levels (S0: control, Sf1: fertigation of 1 µm, Sf2: fertigation of 2 mM, SS1: spray of 1 mM, SS2: spray of 2 mM) in one step, when the plants had six developed true leave. Morphological traits including stem fresh weight (g), leaf fresh weight (g), length and width of leaf (cm) stem length (cm) and root length (cm), and photosynthetic parameters including leaf relative humidity (rh), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (GH2O), carbon dioxide absorption rate (A), photosynthetic active radiation in top surface of the leaf (PARtop), photosynthetic active radiation in bottom surface of the leaf (PARbot), Ambient photosynthetic active radiation (PARamb) and photosynthetic pigments including chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids. Data analysis was performed using SAS software and comparison of meanings by Duncan's multiple range test at 1 and 5 percent probability level.
Results: The results showed that M0Ss2, M0Sf2, M150S0 and M150Sf2 treatments had the highest stem length with no significant difference among each other (Table 2). The fresh weight of the stem was significantly higher in M75Sf1 and M150S0 compared to the control and all other treatments (Table 2).  M75Ss1 treatment showed the least fresh weight of leaf, however, it was not significantly different with M0S0 and M150Ss1 treatments (Table 2). Transpiration rate (E) was significantly higher in treatments using 2 mM silicium fertilizer (M0Sf2, M75Sf2 and M150Sf2) than control (Table 4).  The lowest stomatal conductance (GH2O), was seen in M150S0 treatment which was significantly less than control (Table 4).  The highest chlorophyll a was observed in M150Ss1 treatment which had no significant difference with M75S0 and M150S0, and all three treatments were superior to control (Table 6).  The highest amount of chlorophyll b was observed in the treatment of M150Ss1 which showed significant difference with M75Ss2 and M75Sf1 (Table 6).  In terms of total chlorophyll content, M150Ss1 was significantly higher and the highest amount of carotenoids was observed in M0Ss2 (Table 6).
Discussion: As a whole, M150Ss1 treatment has been shown to improve on yield and photosynthetic traits in common purslane and it is a suitable treatment for spraying on this plant.

Keywords

References

رحیمی، ز.، م. کافی، ا. نظامی، و ح.ر. خزاعی. 1390. تأثیر سطوح شوری و سیلیسیم بر برخی ویژگیهای مورفوفیزیولوژیک گیاه دارویی خرفه(Portulaca oleracea L.). فصلنامة علمی-پژوهشی تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران. 27(3): 359-374.
Adtina, M. H. and Beasford, R. T.  1986. The effects of silicon on cucumber plants grown in recirculating nutrient solution. Annals of Botaty. 58: 343-351.
Amador, B. M., S. Yamada., T. Yamaguchi., E. R. Puente, N. A. Serrano, J. L. Hernandez, R. L. aguilar Amador, E. T. Dieguez, and A. N. Garibay. 2007. Influence of calcium silicate on growth, physiological parameters and mineral nutrition in two legume species under salt stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 193: 413-421.
Arnon, D. I, 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts; polyphenol-oxidase in Beta vulgaris.Plant Physiol. 24, 1-15.
Aryan, H., M. Naseri, and S.H. Nemati. 1393. The Effect of Silica on Reducing the Effects of Salinity in Fenugreek. Agriculture Research (Research & Development), No. 104. 172-165.
Carvalho-Zanão, M. P, L. A. Zanao junior, J. G.  Barbosa, J. A. S. Groosi, and V. T. Avila. 2012. Yield and shelf life of chrysanthemum in response to the silicon application. Horticultura Brasileira 30: 403-408.
Chan, K., M. W. Islam, M. Kamil, R. Radhakrishnan, M. N. Zakaria, and M. Habibullah. 2000. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Portulaca oleracea L. subsp. Sativa (Haw.) Celak. J. Ethnopharmacol. Dec; 73 (3):445- 451.
Dighe, V., O. Dhotre, P. S. Gaurang, and A. Gursale. 2008. Quantification of Dopamine in Portulaca oleraceaLinn.by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography. Journal of Planar Chromatography, 3: 183–186.
Epstein, E, 1994. The anomaly of silicon i n pl ant bi ology. Proc NatlAcad Sci USA 91: 11-17.
Fatemi Seidler, L., S. Tabatabai, and A. Fallahi. 1388. Effect of silicon on growth and yield of strawberry plant in conditions of salt stress Journal of Horticultural Sciences (Agricultural Industries) 23: 88-95
Goyal, A. 2012. Crop Plant. Chapter 2: Silicon the non-essential beneficial plant nutrient to enhanced drought tolerance in wheat. Utah State University. Pp. 1-240
Keramt, B., and F. Daneshmand. 2012. Dual role of methyl jasmonate in physiological responses of soybean (Glycine max L.) plant. Journal of Plant Process and Function 1(1): 26-38 (in Persian).
Korndorfer, G.H. and I. Lepsch. 2001. Effect of silicon on plant growth and crop yield. In: Silicon in Agriculture. (ed. Datnoff, L.E., Snyder, G. H. and Korndorfer, G. H.) . 133-147. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Lee, A.S., Y. J. Lee, S. M. Lee, J. J. Yoon, J. S. Kim, D. G. Kang. 2012. An aqueous extract ofPortulaca oleracea ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through suppression of renal fibrosis andinflammation in diabetic db/db mice. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 40(3): 495-510
Linjuan. Z., J. Junping, W. Lijuin, L. Min. and Z. Fusoo. 1999. Effects of the silicon on the seedling growth of creeping bentgrass and zoysiagrass. In: Conference Silicon in Agriculture, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.
Liu, L., P. Howe, Y.F. Zhou, Z.Q. Xu, C. Hocart, and R. Zhang. 2000. Fatty acids and βcarotene in Australian purslane (Portulaca oleracea) varieties. J. Chromat. A. 893: 207-213
Locarno, M., C. G. Fochi, and P. D. O. Paiva. 2011. Influence of silicate fertilization on chlorophylls of rose leaves.Ciência e Agrotecnologia 35: 287-290
Lu, K. X., B. H. Cao, X. P. Feng, Y. He, and D. A. Jiang. 2009.  Photosynthetic response of salt-tolerant and sensitive soybean varieties.  Photosynthetica 47: 381-387.
Ma, J. F. 2004. Role of silicon in enhancing the resistance of plant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Soil Sci. 50:11-18.
Ma, J. F. and E. Takahashi. 2002. Soil, fertilizer and plant silicon research in Japan. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nwugo, C. C. and A. J. Huerta. 2008. Effects of silicon nutrition on cadmium uptake, growth and photosynthesis of rice plants exposed to low-level cadmium. Plant Soil. 311: 73-86.
Parsa, M. and A. Zeinali. 2016. Effect of jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate elisitors on the amount of atropine and scopolamine tropan alkaloids in hair and root roots of plant tissue culture. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 30 (4).74-59
Piotrowska, A., A. Bajguz, B. Godlewska Zylkiewicz, and R. Czerpak. 2009. Jasmonic acid modulator of lead toxicity in aquatic plant Wolffia arrhizal (Lemnaceae). Environmental and Experimental Botany 66: 507-513.
Popova, L., E. Ananieva, V. Hristova, K. Christov, K. Georgieva, V. Alexieva, and Z.H. Stoinova. 2003. Salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate induced protection on photosynthesis to paraquat oxidative stress. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology 18: 133-152.
Rang, H.P. 2003.” Churchill Livingstone”. Pharmacology. Edinburgh ISBN 0-443- 07145-4.167.   
Romero-Aranda, M. R., O. Jurado, and J. Cuartero. 2006. Silicon alleviates the deleterious salt effect on tomato plant growth by improving plant water status. Journal of Plant Physiology 163: 847-855.
Salunkhe, D.K. and S.S. Kadam. 1998. Handbook of Vegetable Science and Technology. Marcel Deker, INC. 727.
Savvas, D., D. Giotis, E. Chatzieustratiou, M. Bakea, and G. Patakioutas. 2009. Silicon supply in soilless cultivations of zucchini alleviates stress induced by salinity and powdery mildew infections. Environmental and Experimental Botany 65: 11–17
Simopoulos, A.P. 2004. Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants in edible wild plants. Biol. Res. 37: 263-277.
Stephan, J.M, 1994. Purslane. Fact sheet HS-651. Florida Cooperative Extension Service Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences. University of Florida. 7 pp.
Ueda, J. and M. Saniewski. 2006. Methyl jasmonate–induced stimulation of chlorophyll formation in the basal part of tulip bulbs kept under natural light conditions. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Reserch 14: 199-210.
Vatankhah, E., B. Kalantari, and B. Andalibi. 2015. Effect of methyl jasmonate on some physiological and biochemical responses of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under salt stress. Plant Functioning Process.5(17).157-171.
Veena, V. and C. G. Taylor. 2007.  "Agrobacterium rhizogenes: Recent developments and promising applications". In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant 43: 383-403
Watanabe, S., T. Fujiwara, T. Yoneyama, and H. Hayashi. 2002. Effects of silicon nutrition on metabolism and translocation of nutrients in rice plants. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences 92: 174-175.
Yaghubi, K.h., N. Ghaderi, Y. Vafaee, and T. Javadi. 2016. Potassium silicate alleviates deleterious effects of salinity on twostrawberry cultivars grown under soilless pot culture. Scientia Horticulturae, 213: 87-95.
Zhang, D.J., Yang Y.J., Liu C.Y., Zhang F., and Wu Q.S. 2018. Root Hair Growth and Development in Response to Nutrients and Phytohormones. In: Root Biology, pp. 65-84.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics